Study Warns: Alcohol-Energy Drink Cocktails May Have Long-Term Brain Effects

Posted on by Inkoom Esther
Jägerbombs Cocktail

Popular cocktails like Jägerbombs, blending alcohol with energy drinks, are a staple for late-night revelers. However, new research suggests these concoctions may carry serious long-term risks for brain health.

Alcohol, a depressant, reduces brain activity, lowering judgement and reaction time. In contrast, energy drinks, which include stimulants believed to increase alertness, raise heart rate and blood pressure. According to research, combining these conflicting effects could have serious neurological implications.

Cittadella University in Monserrato published research in Neuropharmacology on adolescent rats exposed to binge-drinking sessions with alcohol, energy beverages (such as Red Bull), or a mix of the two. Behavioural and physiological testing found that those exposed to the mixed cocktail experienced long-term deficits in learning, memory, and brain cell communication.

“Adolescence, marked by developmental changes in cognition and emotional maturity, also sees heightened risk-taking behaviors and susceptibility to alcohol abuse,” the researchers noted.

While the study found that the combined drinks may provide short-term memory preservation, suggesting opposing actions on the brain, it warned against presuming safety from cognitive damage. Human investigations have challenged this protective notion, raising worries about the long-term influence on brain function.

The findings highlight the need for larger research to corroborate the results and investigate gender differences in susceptibility. Researchers emphasise the importance of understanding these effects in humans, as evidence links alcohol-energy drink combinations to long-term changes in brain plasticity, notably in the hippocampus.

As debates continue over the societal implications of such findings, health experts advocate for informed consumption and further investigation into the neurological effects of these popular beverages.

UK, US, and Australia Monitor New Covid Variants Amid Surge in Cases

Posted on by Inkoom Esther
Covid Variant

Global health authorities are closely monitoring the emergence of two new Covid variants amidst a surge in cases across the UK, US, and Australia. In response to rising infections, hospitals in the UK have reintroduced mask mandates as they contend with capacity challenges in Covid wards.

The spike in cases has been linked to variants dubbed FLiRT KP2 and JN1. However, health experts have now identified two additional variants, FLuQE and de-FLiRT, which are under scrutiny, particularly in regions experiencing heightened Covid activity such as Australia.

John Gerrard, Queensland’s chief health officer, underscored the importance of vigilance as his state battles a winter-driven surge exacerbated by the FLuQE variant. In the US, reports indicate rapid transmission of FLuQE, adding to concerns about containment efforts.

Australia, grappling with Covid becoming the third leading cause of death for the first time in half a century, is intensifying efforts to curb the spread. The resurgence of Covid has prompted renewed public health measures and renewed urgency in vaccine campaigns.

In the UK, recent data shows a significant 33.5% week-on-week rise in confirmed Covid cases, prompting authorities to urge enhanced precautions and vaccination uptake to mitigate further spread.

As the global community confronts these new challenges posed by evolving variants, health officials stress the importance of ongoing surveillance and swift response to mitigate the impact on public health and healthcare systems.

Lexapro and Weight Gain: What You Need to Know

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

Antidepressant Lexapro (escitalopram) has been associated with weight gain in some patients. Recent research aims to clarify which antidepressants are most likely to cause weight fluctuations.

Study Insights
A study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine analyzed electronic health records from over 183,000 patients who used antidepressants for the first time. Researchers monitored these patients’ weight over two years. The findings revealed that after six months, individuals taking Lexapro, Paxil, or Cymbalta had a 10% to 15% higher risk of gaining at least 5% of their baseline weight compared to those on Zoloft.

Understanding Weight Changes
Not everyone who takes antidepressants will gain weight. Joshua Petimar, Sc.D., from Harvard Medical School, notes that the relationship between depression, anxiety, and weight is complex. Some people might gain weight, others might lose it, or some may not experience significant changes.

Thea Gallagher, Psy.D., from NYU Langone Health, explains that stress and depression can lead to both weight gain and weight loss. She emphasizes that weight fluctuations are a normal part of life and should not always be seen negatively.

Why Lexapro Might Cause Weight Gain
Lexapro is part of a class of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which increase serotonin levels in the body. Serotonin, a chemical associated with mood regulation, also plays a role in appetite and weight control, potentially leading to weight gain in some individuals.

Dr. Mir Ali, a bariatric surgeon, notes that weight gain might occur because patients feel better and thus eat more.

Avoiding Weight Gain on Antidepressants
Hillary Ammon, Psy.D., highlights that responses to antidepressants vary. Some people gain weight on one SSRI but not on another. Prozac and Wellbutrin are often linked to less weight gain. It’s crucial to discuss any weight concerns with your doctor, who might adjust the dosage or suggest alternative medications.

Maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise can also help manage weight. Gallagher recommends aiming for 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week and considering a nutritionist’s guidance.

Other Side Effects of Lexapro
Like all medications, Lexapro can cause side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, constipation, sexual problems, drowsiness, and more. These side effects might diminish over time, with adjustments in dosage or timing.

Communication with Your Doctor
Maintaining open communication with your doctor about any side effects is essential. Your doctor can offer alternatives or adjustments to better manage your symptoms and minimize unwanted effects like weight gain.

By staying informed and working closely with healthcare providers, patients can find the most suitable treatment for their needs.

UGMC CEO Raises Alarm Over Increasing Youth Cases of Hypertension and Diabetes

Posted on by Inkoom Esther
University of Ghana Medical Centre

Dr. Kwame Anim-Boamah, Chief Executive Officer of the University of Ghana Medical Centre (UGMC), has sounded the alarm on the rising prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among young people in the country. He highlighted non-compliance with treatment regimens and misuse of herbal and over-the-counter medications as major contributors to the alarming trend, emphasizing that these conditions now constitute the leading causes of end-stage renal disease.

He attributed this trend to various factors, including the misuse of herbal and over-the-counter medications.


In related health news, UGMC is set to perform two additional kidney transplants this month following the successful completion of six procedures last month. The recent operations, involving six Ghanaian patients aged between 25 and 54, were performed by the Urology Department under the leadership of Dr. Emmanuel Asante. Dr. Asante emphasized the seamless execution of these complex surgeries, underscoring the center’s capabilities in advanced medical interventions and comprehensive post-operative care.

Dr. Anim-Boamah commended the team’s dedication and highlighted that these successful transplants demonstrate UGMC’s commitment to achieving medical excellence and enhancing patient outcomes through innovative practices.

Meanwhile, Barbara Owusu-Hemeng, Media Affairs Manager at UGMC, noted that most donors for the recent transplants were close family members or acquaintances of the recipients. She clarified that UGMC currently conducts living donor transplants exclusively due to the absence of an organ bank, emphasizing the center’s efforts to enhance accessibility and affordability of transplantation services. She mentioned that the current average cost for a kidney transplant at UGMC stands at $25,000, with ongoing initiatives to reduce costs for the benefit of all citizens.

UGMC, renowned as an academic medical center, continues to lead in providing world-class patient care, training, and research, not only in Ghana but across West Africa and beyond. The center remains steadfast in its mission to elevate healthcare standards and pioneer advancements in medical treatment and surgical interventions.

UGMC, renowned as an academic medical center, continues to lead in providing world-class patient care, training, and research, not only in Ghana but across West Africa and beyond. The center remains steadfast in its mission to elevate healthcare standards and pioneer advancements in medical treatment and surgical interventions.

Mastering Cortisol: A Guide to Lowering Stress Hormone Levels

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

Cortisol has taken centre stage in discussions within the wellness community, often linked to various health issues ranging from weight gain to sleep disturbances. Understanding this hormone is crucial before diving into strategies to manage its levels. Cortisol, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a vital role in our daily functioning. It helps us wake up, cope with stress, regulate metabolism, and even save our lives in threatening situations. However, like many things in life, too much cortisol can be harmful.

Excessive cortisol production, as seen in conditions like Cushing’s syndrome, can have serious health implications. While some online discussions may focus on everyday stressors rather than medical conditions, it’s essential to recognize the signs and symptoms that warrant medical attention.

Stress, both physical and psychological, triggers cortisol release. In our modern world, where stressors have evolved beyond physical threats, our bodies often struggle to differentiate between genuine danger and everyday pressures. Recent studies have shown significant increases in cortisol levels, particularly during challenging times like the pandemic.

Recognizing the signs of high cortisol levels is crucial. While symptoms like weight gain, anxiety, and irregular periods may indicate elevated cortisol, they can also stem from other underlying issues. Understanding the interplay between stress, cortisol, and health outcomes is key to effective management.

Fortunately, there are strategies to lower cortisol levels and mitigate the impact of stress on our bodies. Mindfulness practices, such as meditation and relaxation techniques, have been shown to be effective in reducing cortisol levels. Engaging in activities that promote relaxation and connection, such as spending time with loved ones or engaging in hobbies, can also help counteract the effects of stress.

Exercise is another powerful tool in cortisol management. While high-intensity exercise may temporarily raise cortisol levels, consistent physical activity has been shown to lower overall cortisol levels over time. Finding a balance between intensity and recovery is essential for maximizing the stress-reducing benefits of exercise.

To summarise, controlling cortisol levels is an essential aspect of sustaining overall health and wellness. Understanding the elements that drive cortisol production and using effective stress management practices will allow us to take control of our health and live more balanced lives.

Reducing your salt intake as a ‘healthy’ habit could have negative consequences.

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

Several studies have discovered that consuming a low-salt diet containing approximately 2,200 milligrammes of sodium per day is sufficient to cause sodium depletion.

Salt has long been a contentious food element in the area of fitness and health. While sodium is a vital component of our bodies, excessive consumption can have an impact on cholesterol levels, blood pressure, heart health, and other factors. In fact, our understanding of salt and its impact is always evolving. But did you know that reducing salt intake can have a detrimental influence on your health?

Dr. James DiNicolantonio, a cardiovascular research expert, posted a video on Instagram describing why even too little salt can be hazardous for you. According to him, it may disrupt your sleep, causing you to toss and turn in bed all night long.

Relationship Between Salt and Sleep: How Does a Low-Sodium Diet Affect Your Sleep Pattern?

According to Dr DiNicolantonio, “People that were put on a low salt diet, because of the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, had a worsening in their sleep. So, we know that actually from a clinical perspective, this increase in the sympathetic nervous system is a true stress response and can affect sleep.” He went on to explain that multiple studies have shown that having a low-salt diet containing roughly 2,200 milligrammes of sodium per day is adequate to cause sodium depletion, which increases tension in the body and affects sleep patterns.

A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism found that a reduced sodium diet is associated with disrupted sleep patterns, namely decreased rapid eye movement, slow wave sleep, and increased alertness.

“These sleep changes are similar to those seen in normal-aged adults, who also undergo elevations of daytime and nighttime plasma norepinephrine,” the study read.

Dr. DiNicolantonio also highlighted that, in addition to hurting our sleep, a low sodium diet can decrease bone health by removing vital minerals from the body, such as calcium and magnesium.

While healthcare professionals never recommend adding too much salt/sodium to your diet, they do suggest eating it in moderation to maintain a healthy physique. I recommend that you visit an expert to determine how much salt you can add to your diet on a daily basis for better health.

Study: Omega-6 unsaturated fats could lessen the risk of bipolar disorder

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

Omega-6 fatty acids, which are typically found in eggs, poultry, and seafood, may lessen the risk of bipolar illness, according to a world-first study conducted by the University of South Australia.

Using Mendelian randomization, an effective causal inference method, researchers analysed 913 metabolites in 14,296 Europeans and discovered 33 (mainly lipids) correlated with the risk of bipolar disorder.

Mendelian randomization (MR) is an instrumental variable estimation method that utilizes germline genetic variation, typically in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as a proxy for a putative exposure. This approach aims to test and estimate the causal effect of exposure on an outcome using observed data.

Bipolar disorder is a severe mood illness defined by recurrent periods of mania and depression. Although the exact cause is unknown, previous research has revealed that bipolar disorder is highly heritable. If a parent develops bipolar, a child has a one in ten likelihood of developing the disorder.

One in every eight individuals worldwide suffers from a mental illness, with around 40 million suffering from bipolar disorders. Nearly 3% of Australians (568,000 over the age of 16) suffer from bipolar disorder.

Dr. David Stacey, the chief researcher, said the new findings pave the way for innovative potential lifestyle or nutrition therapies.

“There’s growing evidence to suggest that metabolites play a key role in bipolar and other psychiatric disorders,” Dr. Stacey says.

“This is extremely encouraging, because if we can find factors that connect certain health conditions, we can identify ways to negate these through potential lifestyle or dietary interventions.

“In this study, we found that a genetic propensity for higher levels of lipids containing arachidonic acid* led to a lower risk of bipolar disorder. And conversely, lower levels of arachidonic acid had a higher risk for bipolar disorder.

“Arachidonic acid can be sourced directly from meat and seafood products or synthesized from dietary linoleic acid (such as nuts, seeds, and oils). But it is also present in human milk, so it is considered essential for infant brain development.

“In fact, in many countries, arachidonic acid is added to infant formula to ensure a child gets the best start to life. So, there is certainly potential to boost this through supplements for people at greater risk of bipolar disorder.

“The challenge is, however, that while we know that arachidonic acid is involved in early brain development, it’s unclear whether supplementation for bipolar disorder should occur perinatally, during early life, or even whether it would benefit those already diagnosed.”

Professor Elina Hyppönen, who co-authored the study, believes that preclinical research and randomised controlled trials are necessary to evaluate the preventative or therapeutic effectiveness of arachidonic acid supplements in the treatment of bipolar disorder.

”We need further studies to rigorously assess the potential for arachidonic acid supplementation in bipolar disorder prevention and treatment, particularly in people who carry genetic risks. While our findings support potential avenues for precision health interventions for early life nutrition for babies’ brain development, we need to know more about the connection with bipolar disorder. If we can establish how, why and when people respond to arachidonic acid supplementation, then we will be one step closer to helping people who are struggling with this serious and lifelong mental health condition.”

Professor Elina Hyppönen

Source: University of South Australia

Journal reference:

Stacey, D., et al. (2024). A metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization study identifies dysregulated arachidonic acid synthesis as a potential causal risk factor for bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.02.1005

Vietnamese Man Undergoes Surgery to Remove 12-Inch Eel from Abdomen

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

Recently, a 34-year-old man in Vietnam underwent surgery to remove a 12-inch live eel that was discovered in his gut. The man complained of acute abdominal pain at the Hai Ha District Medical Centre in Quang Ninh Province on March 20, which is when the incident happened, according to Vietnamese media.

The man was in so much pain that he was having trouble explaining his symptoms to the medical staff, so they started diagnostic tests right once. An unknown object was found trapped in his abdomen, as determined by X-ray and ultrasound tests.

Subsequently, emergency surgery was conducted, revealing a 30-centimeter long living eel that had entered the man’s body through the rectum. The eel had traversed the colon, causing intestinal perforations and peritonitis. Medical professionals successfully removed the eel and repaired damaged tissues in the intestines during the procedure.

Commenting on the operation, Dr. Pham Manh Hung, Head of the Department of Surgery at Hai Ha District Medical Center, acknowledged the risks involved. He highlighted concerns regarding potential infections due to the high contamination risk in the rectal area and the delicate nature of operating near the bottom of the intestine.

Despite these challenges, the surgery was deemed a success, and the patient is reportedly recovering well. Dr. Hung emphasized the rarity of such cases and expressed gratitude for the positive outcome, stating, “This is a rare case. The rectum is a highly contaminated area, and infections are a major concern. Thankfully, the surgery was successful.”

The Greatest Gift You Can Receive: A Deep Dive into Gratitude

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

What is the greatest gift someone could give you?

Hey there, readers!

In a world obsessed with material possessions and fleeting pleasures, it’s easy to lose sight of what truly matters. Today, I want to explore a topic that often gets overshadowed by the noise of our daily lives: gratitude. I’m not talking about the superficial “Thank you” we utter when someone holds the door for us, but rather the profound sense of appreciation that can transform our entire existence.

Why is gratitude the greatest gift one can receive?

The Power of Perspective

Gratitude is like a pair of magical glasses that transforms the way we see the world. It’s not about pretending everything is perfect, but about acknowledging the good, even in the midst of challenges. Life becomes a fuller, more satisfying experience when we turn our attention from what we lack to what we have.

The Science of Gratitude

Believe it or not, there’s science behind the transformative power of gratitude. Several research studies have demonstrated that cultivating thankfulness can enhance mental health, lower stress levels, and even improve physical health. This is more than just a sentimental idea – it’s backed by solid research.

Cultivating an Attitude of Gratitude

Now, you might be wondering, “How do I embrace gratitude in my own life?” Well, it starts with small, intentional steps. Consider three things for which you are thankful at the start of each day. It could be anything as basic as the morning aroma of fresh coffee or the feel of the sun on your face. This exercise may significantly shift your perspective over time.
In a world that often pushes us to desire more, let’s take a moment to appreciate what we have. Gratitude is not just a fleeting emotion; it’s a powerful force that can shape our reality. So, the next time you find yourself caught up in the chaos, pause, reflect, and embrace the greatest gift you can receive – the gift of gratitude.

Thanks for reading, and remember, gratitude is not just a mindset; it’s a way of life.

Stay grateful,
Inkoom Esther

Concerns about Memory: When to Worry and What to Do

Posted on by Inkoom Esther

What are your biggest challenges?

Many of us have experienced the frustration of forgetting details, such as the name of an actor from a favorite movie. The question arises: should we be worried about these lapses, even if they seem trivial? According to experts, the answer depends on various factors.

Dr. Carolyn Fredericks, assistant professor of neurology at Yale School of Medicine, notes that occasional difficulties with recalling less common names, like those of actors, are normal. Similar to forgetting why you entered a room, these lapses become more common with age. Issues such as sleep deprivation, menopause, and attention concerns like ADHD can contribute to such forgetfulness, usually without major implications, as long as they align with peers of similar age.

However, red flags emerge when forgetfulness affects “instrumental activities of daily living” (IADL), such as managing finances, taking medications, and driving. Karen D. Sullivan, a neuropsychologist, suggests that if forgetfulness surpasses what is expected with normal aging and hinders daily activities, it’s cause for concern.

Reporting memory concerns to a Primary care provider (PCP) is crucial. Sullivan advises providing a timeline, specific examples, and family history of neurological conditions. PCPs typically conduct cognitive screening tests and may refer individuals to specialists like neuropsychologists for comprehensive evaluations if needed.

Fredericks uses tests like recalling a five-word list to assess memory. While certain issues may be related to treatable factors such as depression or medication effects, more concerning memory problems, like early-stage Alzheimer’s, might manifest as an inability to remember information even with clues.

Sullivan emphasizes that a thorough evaluation helps identify treatable causes of cognitive symptoms. Even in dementia cases, a neuropsychological evaluation can pinpoint factors exacerbating symptoms, offering potential interventions.

Neurologist Dr. Douglas Scharre suggests using technology for memory aid but stresses the importance of engaging in activities like physical exercise, socialization, reading, language learning, games, and other mentally stimulating pursuits to keep the brain active.

So, while occasional forgetfulness might be part of normal aging, persistent and significant memory issues warrant attention and professional evaluation. Taking proactive steps to keep the mind active can also contribute to maintaining cognitive health.